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<TITLE>CLHS: Glossary-Section N</TITLE>
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<H1><A REV=MADE HREF="http://www.lispworks.com/"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=65 ALT="[LISPWORKS]" SRC="../Graphics/LWSmall.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=TOP HREF="../Front/index.htm"><IMG WIDTH=237 HEIGHT=65 ALT="[Common Lisp HyperSpec (TM)]" SRC="../Graphics/CLHS_Sm.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A> <A REL=PREV HREF="26_glo_m.htm"><IMG WIDTH=40 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Previous]" SRC="../Graphics/Prev.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=UP HREF="26_a.htm"><IMG WIDTH=40 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Up]" SRC="../Graphics/Up.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=NEXT HREF="26_glo_o.htm"><IMG WIDTH=40 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Next]" SRC="../Graphics/Next.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A></H1>
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<B>N</B> <P>
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<P><A NAME="name"><B>name</B></A> <I>n.</I>, <I>v.t.</I> 1. <I>n.</I> an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#identifier"><I>identifier</I></A> by which an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A>, a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_b.htm#binding"><I>binding</I></A>, or an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#exit_point"><I>exit point</I></A> is referred to by association using a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_b.htm#binding"><I>binding</I></A>. 2. <I>v.t.</I> to give a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>name</I></A> to. 3. <I>n.</I> (of an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> having a name component) the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> which is that component. ``The string which is a symbol's name is returned by <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="f_symb_2.htm#symbol-name"><B>symbol-name</B></A>.'' 4. <I>n.</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_p.htm#pathname"><I>pathname</I></A>) a. the name component, returned by <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="f_pn_hos.htm#pathname-name"><B>pathname-name</B></A>. b. the entire namestring, returned by <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="f_namest.htm#namestring"><B>namestring</B></A>. 5. <I>n.</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A>) a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#string"><I>string</I></A> that names the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A> and that has <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#length"><I>length</I></A> greater than one. (All <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#non-graphic"><I>non-graphic</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>characters</I></A> are required to have <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>names</I></A> unless they have some <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#implementation-defined"><I>implementation-defined</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_a.htm#attribute"><I>attribute</I></A> which is not <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#null"><I>null</I></A>. Whether or not other <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>characters</I></A> have <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>names</I></A> is <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#implementation-dependent"><I>implementation-dependent</I></A>.) <P>
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<P><A NAME="named_constant"><B>named constant</B></A> <I>n.</I> a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_v.htm#variable"><I>variable</I></A> that is defined by Common Lisp, by the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#implementation"><I>implementation</I></A>, or by user code (see the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_m.htm#macro"><I>macro</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="m_defcon.htm#defconstant"><B>defconstant</B></A>) to always <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_y.htm#yield"><I>yield</I></A> the same <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_v.htm#value"><I>value</I></A> when <I>evaluated</I>. ``The value of a named constant may not be changed by assignment or by binding.'' <P>
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<P><A NAME="namespace"><B>namespace</B></A> <I>n.</I> 1. <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_b.htm#binding"><I>bindings</I></A> whose denotations are restricted to a particular kind. ``The bindings of names to tags is the tag namespace.'' 2. any <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_m.htm#mapping"><I>mapping</I></A> whose domain is a set of <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>names</I></A>. ``A package defines a namespace.'' <P>
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<P><A NAME="namestring"><B>namestring</B></A> <I>n.</I> a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#string"><I>string</I></A> that represents a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#filename"><I>filename</I></A> using either the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#standardized"><I>standardized</I></A> notation for naming <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#logical_pathname"><I>logical pathnames</I></A> described in <A REL=CHILD HREF="19_ca.htm">Section 19.3.1 (Syntax of Logical Pathname Namestrings)</A>, or some <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#implementation-defined"><I>implementation-defined</I></A> notation for naming a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_p.htm#physical_pathname"><I>physical pathname</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="newline"><B>newline</B></A> <I>n.</I> the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#standard_character"><I>standard character</I></A> <Newline>, notated for the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#lisp_reader"><I>Lisp reader</I></A> as <TT>#\Newline</TT>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="next_method"><B>next method</B></A> <I>n.</I> the next <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_m.htm#method"><I>method</I></A> to be invoked with respect to a given <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_m.htm#method"><I>method</I></A> for a particular set of arguments or argument <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#class"><I>classes</I></A>. See <A REL=CHILD HREF="07_ffac.htm">Section 7.6.6.1.3 (Applying method combination to the sorted list of applicable methods)</A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="nickname"><B>nickname</B></A> <I>n.</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_p.htm#package"><I>package</I></A>) one of possibly several <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>names</I></A> that can be used to refer to the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_p.htm#package"><I>package</I></A> but that is not the primary <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>name</I></A> of the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_p.htm#package"><I>package</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="nil"><B>nil</B></A> <I>n.</I> the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> that is at once the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#symbol"><I>symbol</I></A> named <TT>"NIL"</TT> in the <TT>COMMON-LISP</TT> package, the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#empty_list"><I>empty list</I></A>, the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_b.htm#boolean"><I>boolean</I></A> (or <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_g.htm#generalized_boolean"><I>generalized boolean</I></A>) representing <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#false"><I>false</I></A>, and the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#name"><I>name</I></A> of the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#empty_type"><I>empty type</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-atomic"><B>non-atomic</B></A> <I>adj.</I> being other than an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_a.htm#atom"><I>atom</I></A>; i.e., being a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#cons"><I>cons</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-constant_variable"><B>non-constant variable</B></A> <I>n.</I> a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_v.htm#variable"><I>variable</I></A> that is not a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#constant_variable"><I>constant variable</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-correctable"><B>non-correctable</B></A> <I>adj.</I> (of an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#error"><I>error</I></A>) not intentionally <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#correctable"><I>correctable</I></A>. (Because of the dynamic nature of <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_r.htm#restart"><I>restarts</I></A>, it is neither possible nor generally useful to completely prohibit an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#error"><I>error</I></A> from being <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#correctable"><I>correctable</I></A>. This term is used in order to express an intent that no special effort should be made by <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#code"><I>code</I></A> signaling an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#error"><I>error</I></A> to make that <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#error"><I>error</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#correctable"><I>correctable</I></A>; however, there is no actual requirement on <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#conforming_program"><I>conforming programs</I></A> or <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#conforming_implementation"><I>conforming implementations</I></A> imposed by this term.) <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-empty"><B>non-empty</B></A> <I>adj.</I> having at least one <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#element"><I>element</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-generic_function"><B>non-generic function</B></A> <I>n.</I> a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#function"><I>function</I></A> that is not a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_g.htm#generic_function"><I>generic function</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-graphic"><B>non-graphic</B></A> <I>adj.</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A>) not <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_g.htm#graphic"><I>graphic</I></A>. See <A REL=CHILD HREF="13_ada.htm">Section 13.1.4.1 (Graphic Characters)</A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-list"><B>non-list</B></A> <I>n.</I>, <I>adj.</I> other than a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#list"><I>list</I></A>; i.e., a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#non-nil"><I>non-nil</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_a.htm#atom"><I>atom</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-local_exit"><B>non-local exit</B></A> <I>n.</I> a transfer of control (and sometimes <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_v.htm#value"><I>values</I></A>) to an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#exit_point"><I>exit point</I></A> for reasons other than a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#normal_return"><I>normal return</I></A>. ``The operators <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="s_go.htm#go"><B>go</B></A>, <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="s_throw.htm#throw"><B>throw</B></A>, and <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="s_ret_fr.htm#return-from"><B>return-from</B></A> cause a non-local exit.'' <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-nil"><B>non-nil</B></A> <I>n.</I>, <I>adj.</I> not <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="a_nil.htm#nil"><B>nil</B></A>. Technically, any <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> which is not <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="a_nil.htm#nil"><B>nil</B></A> can be referred to as <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_t.htm#true"><I>true</I></A>, but that would tend to imply a unique view of the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> as a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_g.htm#generalized_boolean"><I>generalized boolean</I></A>. Referring to such an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> as <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#non-nil"><I>non-nil</I></A> avoids this implication. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-null_lexical_environment"><B>non-null lexical environment</B></A> <I>n.</I> a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#lexical_environment"><I>lexical environment</I></A> that has additional information not present in the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_g.htm#global_environment"><I>global environment</I></A>, such as one or more <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_b.htm#binding"><I>bindings</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-simple"><B>non-simple</B></A> <I>adj.</I> not <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#simple"><I>simple</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-terminating"><B>non-terminating</B></A> <I>adj.</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_m.htm#macro_character"><I>macro character</I></A>) being such that it is treated as a constituent <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A> when it appears in the middle of an extended token. See <A REL=CHILD HREF="02_b.htm">Section 2.2 (Reader Algorithm)</A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="non-top-level_form"><B>non-top-level form</B></A> <I>n.</I> a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#form"><I>form</I></A> that, by virtue of its position as a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#subform"><I>subform</I></A> of another <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#form"><I>form</I></A>, is not a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_t.htm#top_level_form"><I>top level form</I></A>. See <A REL=CHILD HREF="03_bca.htm">Section 3.2.3.1 (Processing of Top Level Forms)</A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="normal_return"><B>normal return</B></A> <I>n.</I> the natural transfer of control and <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_v.htm#value"><I>values</I></A> which occurs after the complete <I>execution</I> of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#form"><I>form</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="normalized"><B>normalized</B></A> <I>adj.</I>, <I>ANSI</I>, <I>IEEE</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_f.htm#float"><I>float</I></A>) conforming to the description of ``normalized'' as described by <I>IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic</I>. See <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_d.htm#denormalized"><I>denormalized</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="null"><B>null</B></A> <I>adj.</I>, <I>n.</I> 1. <I>adj.</I> a. (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#list"><I>list</I></A>) having no <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#element"><I>elements</I></A>: empty. See <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_e.htm#empty_list"><I>empty list</I></A>. b. (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#string"><I>string</I></A>) having a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#length"><I>length</I></A> of zero. (It is common, both within this document and in observed spoken behavior, to refer to an empty string by an apparent definite reference, as in ``the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#null"><I>null</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#string"><I>string</I></A>'' even though no attempt is made to <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#intern"><I>intern</I></A>[2] null strings. The phrase ``a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#null"><I>null</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#string"><I>string</I></A>'' is technically more correct, but is generally considered awkward by most Lisp programmers. As such, the phrase ``the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#null"><I>null</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#string"><I>string</I></A>'' should be treated as an indefinite reference in all cases except for anaphoric references.) c. (of an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#implementation-defined"><I>implementation-defined</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_a.htm#attribute"><I>attribute</I></A> of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A>) An <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> to which the value of that <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_a.htm#attribute"><I>attribute</I></A> defaults if no specific value was requested. 2. <I>n.</I> an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> of <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_t.htm#type"><I>type</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="t_null.htm#null"><B>null</B></A> (the only such <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> being <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="a_nil.htm#nil"><B>nil</B></A>). <P>
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<P><A NAME="null_lexical_environment"><B>null lexical environment</B></A> <I>n.</I> the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_l.htm#lexical_environment"><I>lexical environment</I></A> which has no <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_b.htm#binding"><I>bindings</I></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="number"><B>number</B></A> <I>n.</I> an <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_o.htm#object"><I>object</I></A> of <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_t.htm#type"><I>type</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="t_number.htm#number"><B>number</B></A>. <P>
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<P><A NAME="numeric"><B>numeric</B></A> <I>adj.</I> (of a <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A>) being one of the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_s.htm#standard_character"><I>standard characters</I></A> <TT>0</TT> through <I>9</I>, or being some other <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_g.htm#graphic"><I>graphic</I></A> <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_c.htm#character"><I>character</I></A> defined by the <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="26_glo_i.htm#implementation"><I>implementation</I></A> to be <A REL=DEFINITION HREF="#numeric"><I>numeric</I></A>. <P>
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<P><HR>The following <A REL=META HREF="../Front/X3J13Iss.htm">X3J13 cleanup issue</A>, <I>not part of the specification</I>, applies to this section:<P><UL><LI> <A REL=CHILD HREF="../Issues/iss258.htm">PATHNAME-HOST-PARSING:RECOGNIZE-LOGICAL-HOST-NAMES</A><P></UL><HR>
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<A REL=NAVIGATOR HREF="../Front/StartPts.htm"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Starting Points]" SRC="../Graphics/StartPts.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=TOC HREF="../Front/Contents.htm"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Contents]" SRC="../Graphics/Contents.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=INDEX HREF="../Front/X_Master.htm"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Index]" SRC="../Graphics/Index.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=INDEX HREF="../Front/X_Symbol.htm"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Symbols]" SRC="../Graphics/Symbols.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A REL=GLOSSARY HREF="../Body/26_a.htm"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Glossary]" SRC="../Graphics/Glossary.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><A HREF="../Front/X3J13Iss.htm"><IMG WIDTH=80 HEIGHT=40 ALT="[Issues]" SRC="../Graphics/Issues.gif" ALIGN=Bottom></A><BR>
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<A REL=COPYRIGHT HREF="../Front/Help.htm#Legal"><I>Copyright 1996-2005, LispWorks Ltd. All rights reserved.</I></A><P>
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