465 lines
9 KiB
HTML
465 lines
9 KiB
HTML
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<HTML LANG="en-us"
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>member, member-if, member-if-not | Common Lisp Nova Spec</TITLE
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>Common Lisp Nova Spec</A
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> <SPAN CLASS="breadcrumb-item"
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>→ <A HREF="14_Conses.html"
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>14. Conses</A
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> <SPAN CLASS="breadcrumb-item"
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>→ <A HREF="14_2_Conses_Dictionary.html"
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>14.2 Conses Dictionary</A
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></SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="breadcrumb-item"
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>→ <A HREF="f_member.html"
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>member, member-if, member-if-not</A
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>←</A
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>Apropos </SPAN
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><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="100%" CLASS="name"
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><SPAN CLASS="idx" DATA-KIND="idxref" DATA-TERM="member, member-if, member-if-not"
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></SPAN
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><B
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>member, member-if, member-if-not</B
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></TD
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><TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="0" NOWRAP="NOWRAP" CLASS="ftype"
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><I
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>Function</I
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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></DIV
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><UL CLASS="subtoc"
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></UL
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><DL
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><DT
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><B
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>Syntax</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><B
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>member</B
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>item</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>list</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmtt"
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>&key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>test</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>test-not</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>tail</SPAN
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></P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><B
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>member-if</B
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>predicate</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>list</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmtt"
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>&key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>tail</SPAN
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></P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><B
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>member-if-not</B
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>predicate</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>list</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmtt"
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>&key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>tail</SPAN
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Arguments and Values</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>item</VAR
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> — an <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#object"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>object</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#proper_list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>proper list</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>predicate</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of one <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#argument"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>argument</EM
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></A
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> that returns a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#generalized_boolean"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>generalized boolean</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>test</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of two <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#argument"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>arguments</EM
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></A
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> that returns a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#generalized_boolean"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>generalized boolean</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>test-not</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of two <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#argument"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>arguments</EM
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></A
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> that returns a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#generalized_boolean"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>generalized boolean</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>key</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of one argument, or <SPAN CLASS="misc"
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><B
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>nil</B
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></SPAN
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>tail</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>list</EM
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></A
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>.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Description</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>member</B
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></A
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>, <A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>member-if</B
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></A
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>, and <A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>member-if-not</B
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></A
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> each search <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> for <VAR CLASS="param"
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>item</VAR
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> or for a top-level element that <EM CLASS="term"
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>satisfies the test</EM
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>. The argument to the <VAR CLASS="param"
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>predicate</VAR
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> function is an element of <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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>If some element <EM CLASS="term"
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>satisfies the test</EM
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>, the tail of <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> beginning with this element is returned; otherwise <SPAN CLASS="misc"
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><B
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>nil</B
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></SPAN
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> is returned. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> is searched on the top level only.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Examples</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><PRE CLASS="screen"
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>(member 2 '(1 2 3)) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> (2 3)
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(member 2 '((1 . 2) (3 . 4)) :test-not #'= :key #'cdr) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> ((3 . 4))
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(member 'e '(a b c d)) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> NIL</PRE
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><PRE CLASS="screen"
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>(member-if #'listp '(a b nil c d)) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> (NIL C D)
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(member-if #'numberp '(a #\Space 5/3 foo)) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> (5/3 FOO)
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(member-if-not #'zerop
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'(3 6 9 11 . 12)
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:key #'(lambda (x) (mod x 3))) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> (11 . 12)</PRE
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Exceptional Situations</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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>Should be prepared to signal an error of <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#type"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>type</EM
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></A
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> <A HREF="t_type-error.html" CLASS="typeref"
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><B
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>type-error</B
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></A
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> if <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> is not a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#proper_list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>proper list</EM
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></A
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>.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>See Also</B
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></DT
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||
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><A HREF="f_find.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>find</B
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></A
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>, <A HREF="f_position.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>position</B
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></A
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>, <A HREF="3_6_Traversal_Rules_and_Side_Effects.html#sec_3_6" CLASS="secref"
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><SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Section</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>3.6</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>(Traversal</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Rules</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>and</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Side</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Effects)</SPAN
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></A
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
|
||
|
|
>Notes</B
|
||
|
|
></DT
|
||
|
|
><DD
|
||
|
|
><P CLASS="j"
|
||
|
|
>The <SPAN CLASS="kwd"
|
||
|
|
><SPAN CLASS="cmtt"
|
||
|
|
>:test-not</SPAN
|
||
|
|
></SPAN
|
||
|
|
> parameter is deprecated. </P
|
||
|
|
><P CLASS="j"
|
||
|
|
>The <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
|
||
|
|
><EM CLASS="term"
|
||
|
|
>function</EM
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> <A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
|
||
|
|
><B
|
||
|
|
>member-if-not</B
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> is deprecated. </P
|
||
|
|
><P CLASS="j"
|
||
|
|
>In the following</P
|
||
|
|
><PRE CLASS="screen"
|
||
|
|
>(member 'a '(g (a y) c a d e a f)) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
|
||
|
|
><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
|
||
|
|
>→</SPAN
|
||
|
|
></SPAN
|
||
|
|
> (A D E A F)</PRE
|
||
|
|
><P CLASS="j"
|
||
|
|
>the value returned by <A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
|
||
|
|
><B
|
||
|
|
>member</B
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> is <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#identical"
|
||
|
|
><EM CLASS="term"
|
||
|
|
>identical</EM
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> to the portion of the <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#list"
|
||
|
|
><EM CLASS="term"
|
||
|
|
>list</EM
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> beginning with <CODE CLASS="f"
|
||
|
|
>a</CODE
|
||
|
|
>. Thus <A HREF="f_rplaca.html" CLASS="funref"
|
||
|
|
><B
|
||
|
|
>rplaca</B
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> on the result of <A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
|
||
|
|
><B
|
||
|
|
>member</B
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> can be used to alter the part of the <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#list"
|
||
|
|
><EM CLASS="term"
|
||
|
|
>list</EM
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> where <CODE CLASS="f"
|
||
|
|
>a</CODE
|
||
|
|
> was found (assuming a check has been made that <A HREF="f_member.html" CLASS="funref"
|
||
|
|
><B
|
||
|
|
>member</B
|
||
|
|
></A
|
||
|
|
> did not return <SPAN CLASS="misc"
|
||
|
|
><B
|
||
|
|
>nil</B
|
||
|
|
></SPAN
|
||
|
|
>).</P
|
||
|
|
></DD
|
||
|
|
></DL
|
||
|
|
></DIV
|
||
|
|
></DIV
|
||
|
|
><DIV CLASS="footer"
|
||
|
|
><DIV CLASS="btmnav"
|
||
|
|
><A HREF="f_rest.html" CLASS="prev"
|
||
|
|
>←</A
|
||
|
|
><A HREF="f_mapc.html" CLASS="next"
|
||
|
|
>→</A
|
||
|
|
></DIV
|
||
|
|
><DIV CLASS="trail"
|
||
|
|
>Conversion to HTML copyright 2023 by Gilbert Baumann</DIV
|
||
|
|
></DIV
|
||
|
|
></DIV
|
||
|
|
><SCRIPT
|
||
|
|
>domReady();</SCRIPT
|
||
|
|
></BODY
|
||
|
|
></HTML
|
||
|
|
>
|