280 lines
22 KiB
HTML
280 lines
22 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 7.1, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<!-- This manual documents Guile version 3.0.10.
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Copyright (C) 1996-1997, 2000-2005, 2009-2023 Free Software Foundation,
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Inc.
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Copyright (C) 2021 Maxime Devos
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Copyright (C) 2024 Tomas Volf
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
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Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A
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copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
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Documentation License." -->
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<title>Accessing Locale Information (Guile Reference Manual)</title>
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<meta name="description" content="Accessing Locale Information (Guile Reference Manual)">
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<meta name="keywords" content="Accessing Locale Information (Guile Reference Manual)">
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<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top">
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<link href="Concept-Index.html" rel="index" title="Concept Index">
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<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
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<link href="Internationalization.html" rel="up" title="Internationalization">
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<link href="Gettext-Support.html" rel="next" title="Gettext Support">
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<link href="Number-Input-and-Output.html" rel="prev" title="Number Input and Output">
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/manual.css">
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<div class="subsection-level-extent" id="Accessing-Locale-Information">
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<div class="nav-panel">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Gettext-Support.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Gettext Support</a>, Previous: <a href="Number-Input-and-Output.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Number Input and Output</a>, Up: <a href="Internationalization.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Support for Internationalization</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<h4 class="subsection" id="Accessing-Locale-Information-1"><span>6.25.5 Accessing Locale Information<a class="copiable-link" href="#Accessing-Locale-Information-1"> ¶</a></span></h4>
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<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-nl_005flanginfo"></a>
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<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-low_002dlevel-locale-information"></a>
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<p>It is sometimes useful to obtain very specific information about a
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locale such as the word it uses for days or months, its format for
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representing floating-point figures, etc. The <code class="code">(ice-9 i18n)</code>
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module provides support for this in a way that is similar to the libc
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functions <code class="code">nl_langinfo ()</code> and <code class="code">localeconv ()</code>
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(see <a data-manual="libc" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Locale-Information.html#Locale-Information">accessing locale information from C</a> in <cite class="cite">The GNU C Library Reference Manual</cite>). The available functions
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are listed below.
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</p>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dencoding"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-encoding</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dencoding"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the name of the encoding (a string whose interpretation is
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system-dependent) of either <var class="var">locale</var> or the current locale.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<p>The following functions deal with dates and times.
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</p>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dday"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-day</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">day [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dday"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dday_002dshort"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-day-short</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">day [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dday_002dshort"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonth"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-month</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">month [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonth"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonth_002dshort"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-month-short</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">month [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonth_002dshort"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the word (a string) used in either <var class="var">locale</var> or the current
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locale to name the day (or month) denoted by <var class="var">day</var> (or
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<var class="var">month</var>), an integer between 1 and 7 (or 1 and 12). The
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<code class="code">-short</code> variants provide an abbreviation instead of a full name.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dam_002dstring"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-am-string</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dam_002dstring"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dpm_002dstring"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-pm-string</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dpm_002dstring"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>Return a (potentially empty) string that is used to denote <i class="i">ante
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meridiem</i> (or <i class="i">post meridiem</i>) hours in 12-hour format.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002ddate_002btime_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-date+time-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002ddate_002btime_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002ddate_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-date-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002ddate_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dtime_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-time-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dtime_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dtime_002bam_002fpm_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-time+am/pm-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dtime_002bam_002fpm_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dera_002ddate_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-era-date-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dera_002ddate_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dera_002ddate_002btime_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-era-date+time-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dera_002ddate_002btime_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dera_002dtime_002dformat"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-era-time-format</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dera_002dtime_002dformat"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>These procedures return format strings suitable to <code class="code">strftime</code>
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(see <a class="pxref" href="Time.html">Time</a>) that may be used to display (part of) a date/time
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according to certain constraints and to the conventions of either
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<var class="var">locale</var> or the current locale (see <a data-manual="libc" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/The-Elegant-and-Fast-Way.html#The-Elegant-and-Fast-Way">the <code class="code">nl_langinfo ()</code> items</a> in <cite class="cite">The GNU C Library Reference
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Manual</cite>).
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dera"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-era</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dera"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dera_002dyear"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-era-year</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dera_002dyear"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>These functions return, respectively, the era and the year of the
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relevant era used in <var class="var">locale</var> or the current locale. Most locales
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do not define this value. In this case, the empty string is returned.
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An example of a locale that does define this value is the Japanese
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one.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<p>The following procedures give information about number representation.
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</p>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002ddecimal_002dpoint"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-decimal-point</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002ddecimal_002dpoint"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dthousands_002dseparator"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-thousands-separator</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dthousands_002dseparator"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>These functions return a string denoting the representation of the
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decimal point or that of the thousand separator (respectively) for
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either <var class="var">locale</var> or the current locale.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002ddigit_002dgrouping"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-digit-grouping</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002ddigit_002dgrouping"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>Return a (potentially circular) list of integers denoting how digits
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of the integer part of a number are to be grouped, starting at the
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decimal point and going to the left. The list contains integers
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indicating the size of the successive groups, from right to left. If
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the list is non-circular, then no grouping occurs for digits beyond
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the last group.
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</p>
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<p>For instance, if the returned list is a circular list that contains
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only <code class="code">3</code> and the thousand separator is <code class="code">","</code> (as is the case
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with English locales), then the number <code class="code">12345678</code> should be
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printed <code class="code">12,345,678</code>.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<p>The following procedures deal with the representation of monetary
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amounts. Some of them take an additional <var class="var">intl?</var> argument (a
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boolean) that tells whether the international or local monetary
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conventions for the given locale are to be used.
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</p>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonetary_002ddecimal_002dpoint"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-monetary-decimal-point</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonetary_002ddecimal_002dpoint"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonetary_002dthousands_002dseparator"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-monetary-thousands-separator</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonetary_002dthousands_002dseparator"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonetary_002dgrouping"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-monetary-grouping</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonetary_002dgrouping"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>These are the monetary counterparts of the above procedures. These
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procedures apply to monetary amounts.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dcurrency_002dsymbol"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-currency-symbol</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">intl? [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dcurrency_002dsymbol"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the currency symbol (a string) of either <var class="var">locale</var> or the
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current locale.
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</p>
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<p>The following example illustrates the difference between the local and
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international monetary formats:
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</p>
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<div class="example">
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<pre class="example-preformatted">(define us (make-locale LC_MONETARY "en_US"))
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(locale-currency-symbol #f us)
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⇒ "-$"
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(locale-currency-symbol #t us)
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⇒ "USD "
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</pre></div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonetary_002dfractional_002ddigits"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-monetary-fractional-digits</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">intl? [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonetary_002dfractional_002ddigits"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the number of fractional digits to be used when printing
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monetary amounts according to either <var class="var">locale</var> or the current
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locale. If the locale does not specify it, then <code class="code">#f</code> is
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returned.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dcurrency_002dsymbol_002dprecedes_002dpositive_003f"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-currency-symbol-precedes-positive?</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">intl? [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dcurrency_002dsymbol_002dprecedes_002dpositive_003f"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dcurrency_002dsymbol_002dprecedes_002dnegative_003f"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-currency-symbol-precedes-negative?</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">intl? [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dcurrency_002dsymbol_002dprecedes_002dnegative_003f"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dpositive_002dseparated_002dby_002dspace_003f"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-positive-separated-by-space?</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">intl? [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dpositive_002dseparated_002dby_002dspace_003f"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dnegative_002dseparated_002dby_002dspace_003f"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-negative-separated-by-space?</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">intl? [locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dnegative_002dseparated_002dby_002dspace_003f"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dd><p>These procedures return a boolean indicating whether the currency
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symbol should precede a positive/negative number, and whether a
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whitespace should be inserted between the currency symbol and a
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positive/negative amount.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl class="first-deffn">
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<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonetary_002dpositive_002dsign"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-monetary-positive-sign</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonetary_002dpositive_002dsign"> ¶</a></span></dt>
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<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dmonetary_002dnegative_002dsign"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-monetary-negative-sign</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dmonetary_002dnegative_002dsign"> ¶</a></span></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Return a string denoting the positive (respectively negative) sign
|
||
|
|
that should be used when printing a monetary amount.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dl class="first-deffn">
|
||
|
|
<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dpositive_002dsign_002dposition"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-positive-sign-position</strong><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dpositive_002dsign_002dposition"> ¶</a></span></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dnegative_002dsign_002dposition"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-negative-sign-position</strong><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dnegative_002dsign_002dposition"> ¶</a></span></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>These functions return a symbol telling where a sign of a
|
||
|
|
positive/negative monetary amount is to appear when printing it. The
|
||
|
|
possible values are:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<dl class="table">
|
||
|
|
<dt><code class="code">parenthesize</code></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>The currency symbol and quantity should be surrounded by parentheses.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt><code class="code">sign-before</code></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Print the sign string before the quantity and currency symbol.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt><code class="code">sign-after</code></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Print the sign string after the quantity and currency symbol.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt><code class="code">sign-before-currency-symbol</code></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Print the sign string right before the currency symbol.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt><code class="code">sign-after-currency-symbol</code></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Print the sign string right after the currency symbol.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt><code class="code">unspecified</code></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Unspecified. We recommend you print the sign after the currency
|
||
|
|
symbol.
|
||
|
|
</p></dd>
|
||
|
|
</dl>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Finally, the two following procedures may be helpful when programming
|
||
|
|
user interfaces:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<dl class="first-deffn">
|
||
|
|
<dt class="deffn" id="index-locale_002dyes_002dregexp"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-yes-regexp</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dyes_002dregexp"> ¶</a></span></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-locale_002dno_002dregexp"><span class="category-def">Scheme Procedure: </span><span><strong class="def-name">locale-no-regexp</strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[locale]</var><a class="copiable-link" href="#index-locale_002dno_002dregexp"> ¶</a></span></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd><p>Return a string that can be used as a regular expression to recognize
|
||
|
|
a positive (respectively, negative) response to a yes/no question.
|
||
|
|
For the C locale, the default values are typically <code class="code">"^[yY]"</code> and
|
||
|
|
<code class="code">"^[nN]"</code>, respectively.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Here is an example:
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="example">
|
||
|
|
<pre class="example-preformatted">(use-modules (ice-9 rdelim))
|
||
|
|
(format #t "Does Guile rock?~%")
|
||
|
|
(let lp ((answer (read-line)))
|
||
|
|
(cond ((string-match (locale-yes-regexp) answer)
|
||
|
|
(format #t "High fives!~%"))
|
||
|
|
((string-match (locale-no-regexp) answer)
|
||
|
|
(format #t "How about now? Does it rock yet?~%")
|
||
|
|
(lp (read-line)))
|
||
|
|
(else
|
||
|
|
(format #t "What do you mean?~%")
|
||
|
|
(lp (read-line)))))
|
||
|
|
</pre></div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>For an internationalized yes/no string output, <code class="code">gettext</code> should
|
||
|
|
be used (see <a class="pxref" href="Gettext-Support.html">Gettext Support</a>).
|
||
|
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Example uses of some of these functions are the implementation of the
|
||
|
|
<code class="code">number->locale-string</code> and <code class="code">monetary-amount->locale-string</code>
|
||
|
|
procedures (see <a class="pxref" href="Number-Input-and-Output.html">Number Input and Output</a>), as well as that the
|
||
|
|
SRFI-19 date and time conversion to/from strings (see <a class="pxref" href="SRFI_002d19.html">SRFI-19 - Time/Date Library</a>).
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
<div class="nav-panel">
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
Next: <a href="Gettext-Support.html">Gettext Support</a>, Previous: <a href="Number-Input-and-Output.html">Number Input and Output</a>, Up: <a href="Internationalization.html">Support for Internationalization</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
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