1
0
Fork 0
cl-sites/guile.html_node/A-Simple-Representation.html
2024-12-17 12:49:28 +01:00

99 lines
4.1 KiB
HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 7.1, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- This manual documents Guile version 3.0.10.
Copyright (C) 1996-1997, 2000-2005, 2009-2023 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.
Copyright (C) 2021 Maxime Devos
Copyright (C) 2024 Tomas Volf
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A
copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License." -->
<title>A Simple Representation (Guile Reference Manual)</title>
<meta name="description" content="A Simple Representation (Guile Reference Manual)">
<meta name="keywords" content="A Simple Representation (Guile Reference Manual)">
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
<meta name="Generator" content=".texi2any-real">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top">
<link href="Concept-Index.html" rel="index" title="Concept Index">
<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
<link href="Data-Representation.html" rel="up" title="Data Representation">
<link href="Faster-Integers.html" rel="next" title="Faster Integers">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
a.copiable-link {visibility: hidden; text-decoration: none; line-height: 0em}
div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
span:hover a.copiable-link {visibility: visible}
ul.mark-bullet {list-style-type: disc}
-->
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/manual.css">
</head>
<body lang="en">
<div class="subsection-level-extent" id="A-Simple-Representation">
<div class="nav-panel">
<p>
Next: <a href="Faster-Integers.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Faster Integers</a>, Up: <a href="Data-Representation.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data Representation</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<hr>
<h4 class="subsection" id="A-Simple-Representation-1"><span>9.2.1 A Simple Representation<a class="copiable-link" href="#A-Simple-Representation-1"> &para;</a></span></h4>
<p>The simplest way to represent Scheme values in C would be to represent
each value as a pointer to a structure containing a type indicator,
followed by a union carrying the real value. Assuming that <code class="code">SCM</code> is
the name of our universal type, we can write:
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example-preformatted">enum type { integer, pair, string, vector, ... };
typedef struct value *SCM;
struct value {
enum type type;
union {
int integer;
struct { SCM car, cdr; } pair;
struct { int length; char *elts; } string;
struct { int length; SCM *elts; } vector;
...
} value;
};
</pre></div>
<p>with the ellipses replaced with code for the remaining Scheme types.
</p>
<p>This representation is sufficient to implement all of Scheme&rsquo;s
semantics. If <var class="var">x</var> is an <code class="code">SCM</code> value:
</p><ul class="itemize mark-bullet">
<li>To test if <var class="var">x</var> is an integer, we can write <code class="code"><var class="var">x</var>-&gt;type == integer</code>.
</li><li>To find its value, we can write <code class="code"><var class="var">x</var>-&gt;value.integer</code>.
</li><li>To test if <var class="var">x</var> is a vector, we can write <code class="code"><var class="var">x</var>-&gt;type == vector</code>.
</li><li>If we know <var class="var">x</var> is a vector, we can write
<code class="code"><var class="var">x</var>-&gt;value.vector.elts[0]</code> to refer to its first element.
</li><li>If we know <var class="var">x</var> is a pair, we can write
<code class="code"><var class="var">x</var>-&gt;value.pair.car</code> to extract its car.
</li></ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>