1
0
Fork 0
cl-sites/lisp-docs.github.io/cl-language-reference/chap-26/v.html

41 lines
No EOL
37 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" class="docs-wrapper plugin-docs plugin-id-default docs-version-current docs-doc-page docs-doc-id-chap-26/v" data-has-hydrated="false">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="generator" content="Docusaurus v3.0.1">
<title data-rh="true">V | Common Lisp (New) Language Reference</title><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://lisp-docs.github.io/cl-language-reference/img/1024px-Lisp_logo.svg.png"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:image" content="https://lisp-docs.github.io/cl-language-reference/img/1024px-Lisp_logo.svg.png"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://lisp-docs.github.io/cl-language-reference/chap-26/v"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:language" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="google-site-verification" content="Vzaw013_bfdKeUVG89Ch3W1zC9_vH9ID2dPB9Dz0vr0"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_tag" content="docs-default-current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content="docs-default-current"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="V | Common Lisp (New) Language Reference"><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="V"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="V"><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="../img/favicon.ico"><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="v.html"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="v.html" hreflang="en"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="v.html" hreflang="x-default"><link data-rh="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://C1F2Q5VM6X-dsn.algolia.net" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-8TJCE4NSF8"></script>
<script>function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)}window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer||[],gtag("js",new Date),gtag("config","G-8TJCE4NSF8",{})</script>
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Common Lisp (New) Language Reference" href="../opensearch.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../assets/css/styles.f13b59fe.css">
<script src="../assets/js/runtime~main.02699c25.js" defer="defer"></script>
<script src="../assets/js/main.4f0a7a76.js" defer="defer"></script>
</head>
<body class="navigation-with-keyboard">
<script>!function(){function t(t){document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme",t)}var e=function(){try{return new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("docusaurus-theme")}catch(t){}}()||function(){try{return localStorage.getItem("theme")}catch(t){}}();t(null!==e?e:"light")}(),function(){try{const c=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).entries();for(var[t,e]of c)if(t.startsWith("docusaurus-data-")){var a=t.replace("docusaurus-data-","data-");document.documentElement.setAttribute(a,e)}}catch(t){}}()</script><div id="__docusaurus"><div role="region" aria-label="Skip to main content"><a class="skipToContent_fXgn" href="v.html#__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback">Skip to main content</a></div><nav aria-label="Main" class="navbar navbar--fixed-top"><div class="navbar__inner"><div class="navbar__items"><button aria-label="Toggle navigation bar" aria-expanded="false" class="navbar__toggle clean-btn" type="button"><svg width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-hidden="true"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"></path></svg></button><a href="../../index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__brand"><div class="navbar__logo"><img src="../img/logo.svg" alt="Lisp Logo" class="themedComponent_mlkZ themedComponent--light_NVdE"><img src="../img/logo.svg" alt="Lisp Logo" class="themedComponent_mlkZ themedComponent--dark_xIcU"></div><b class="navbar__title text--truncate">Common Lisp Docs</b></a><a href="../../docs/tutorial/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Tutorial</a><a href="../index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Technical Reference</a><a href="../../docs/whylisp.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Why Lisp?</a><a href="../../docs/howto.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Guides</a></div><div class="navbar__items navbar__items--right"><a href="../../docs/contribute.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Contribute!</a><a href="../../docs/help.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Getting Help</a><a href="../../docs/about.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">About</a><a href="../../blog.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">Blog</a><a href="https://github.com/lisp-docs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a><div class="toggle_vylO colorModeToggle_DEke"><button class="clean-btn toggleButton_gllP toggleButtonDisabled_aARS" type="button" disabled="" title="Switch between dark and light mode (currently light mode)" aria-label="Switch between dark and light mode (currently light mode)" aria-live="polite"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="lightToggleIcon_pyhR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12,9c1.65,0,3,1.35,3,3s-1.35,3-3,3s-3-1.35-3-3S10.35,9,12,9 M12,7c-2.76,0-5,2.24-5,5s2.24,5,5,5s5-2.24,5-5 S14.76,7,12,7L12,7z M2,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S1.45,13,2,13z M20,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1 s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S19.45,13,20,13z M11,2v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1V2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1S11,1.45,11,2z M11,20v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1v-2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1C11.45,19,11,19.45,11,20z M5.99,4.58c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0s0.39-1.03,0-1.41L5.99,4.58z M18.36,16.95 c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41 L18.36,16.95z M19.42,5.99c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41 s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L19.42,5.99z M7.05,18.36c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L7.05,18.36z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="darkToggleIcon_wfgR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M9.37,5.51C9.19,6.15,9.1,6.82,9.1,7.5c0,4.08,3.32,7.4,7.4,7.4c0.68,0,1.35-0.09,1.99-0.27C17.45,17.19,14.93,19,12,19 c-3.86,0-7-3.14-7-7C5,9.07,6.81,6.55,9.37,5.51z M12,3c-4.97,0-9,4.03-9,9s4.03,9,9,9s9-4.03,9-9c0-0.46-0.04-0.92-0.1-1.36 c-0.98,1.37-2.58,2.26-4.4,2.26c-2.98,0-5.4-2.42-5.4-5.4c0-1.81,0.89-3.42,2.26-4.4C12.92,3.04,12.46,3,12,3L12,3z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="navbarSearchContainer_Bca1"><button type="button" class="DocSearch DocSearch-Button" aria-label="Search"><span class="DocSearch-Button-Container"><svg width="20" height="20" class="DocSearch-Search-Icon" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path d="M14.386 14.386l4.0877 4.0877-4.0877-4.0877c-2.9418 2.9419-7.7115 2.9419-10.6533 0-2.9419-2.9418-2.9419-7.7115 0-10.6533 2.9418-2.9419 7.7115-2.9419 10.6533 0 2.9419 2.9418 2.9419 7.7115 0 10.6533z" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg><span class="DocSearch-Button-Placeholder">Search</span></span><span class="DocSearch-Button-Keys"></span></button></div></div></div><div role="presentation" class="navbar-sidebar__backdrop"></div></nav><div id="__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback" class="main-wrapper mainWrapper_z2l0"><div class="docsWrapper_hBAB"><button aria-label="Scroll back to top" class="clean-btn theme-back-to-top-button backToTopButton_sjWU" type="button"></button><div class="docRoot_UBD9"><aside class="theme-doc-sidebar-container docSidebarContainer_YfHR"><div class="sidebarViewport_aRkj"><div class="sidebar_njMd"><nav aria-label="Docs sidebar" class="menu thin-scrollbar menu_SIkG"><ul class="theme-doc-sidebar-menu menu__list"><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-0/intro.html">Contents and Figures</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-1/b-b-scope-purpose-and-history.html">1. Introduction</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-2/c-b-character-syntax.html">2. Syntax</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-3/d-b-evaluation.html">3. Evaluation and Compilation</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-4/e-b-introduction.html">4. Types and Classes</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-5/f-b-generalized-reference.html">5. Data and Control Flow</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-6/g-b-the-loop-facility.html">6. Iteration</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-7/h-b-object-creation-and-initialization.html">7. Objects</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../category/81-structures-dictionary.html">8. Structures</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-9/j-b-condition-system-concepts.html">9. Conditions</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-10/ba-b-symbol-concepts.html">10. Symbols</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-11/bb-b-package-concepts.html">11. Packages</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-12/bc-b-number-concepts.html">12. Numbers</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-13/bd-b-character-concepts.html">13. Characters</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-14/be-b-cons-concepts.html">14. Conses</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-15/bf-b-array-concepts.html">15. Arrays</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-16/bg-b-string-concepts.html">16. Strings</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-17/bh-b-sequence-concepts.html">17. Sequences</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-18/bi-b-hash-table-concepts.html">18. Hash Tables</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-19/bj-b-overview-of-filenames.html">19. Filenames</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-20/ca-b-file-system-concepts.html">20. Files</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-21/cb-b-stream-concepts.html">21. Streams</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-22/cc-b-the-lisp-printer.html">22. Printer</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-23/cd-b-reader-concepts.html">23. Reader</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-24/ce-b-system-construction-concepts.html">24. System Construction</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../chap-25/cf-b-the-external-environment.html">25. External Environment</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../environments.html">26. Environments</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../meta-object-protocol.html">27. Meta Object Protocol</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../data-structures.html">28. Data Structures</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="../portability/trivial-packages.html">29. Portability</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="../dictionary-entries.html">dictionary-entries</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret menu__link--active" aria-expanded="true" href="intro.html">Glossary</a></div><ul style="display:block;overflow:visible;height:auto" class="menu__list"><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="intro.html">Glossary - Introduction</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="a.html">A</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="b.html">B</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="c.html">C</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="d.html">D</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="e.html">E</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="f.html">F</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="g.html">G</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="h.html">H</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="i.html">I</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="k.html">K</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="l.html">L</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="m.html">M</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="n.html">N</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="o.html">O</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="p.html">P</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="q.html">Q</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="r.html">R</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="s.html">S</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="t.html">T</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="u.html">U</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link menu__link--active" aria-current="page" tabindex="0" href="v.html">V</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="w.html">W</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="y.html">Y</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class="docMainContainer_TBSr"><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="Breadcrumbs"><ul class="breadcrumbs" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="Home page" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="../index.html"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Glossary</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">V</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>V</h1></header><p><strong>V</strong></p>
<p><strong>valid array dimension</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> suitable for use as an <em>array dimension</em>.</p>
<p>Such a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> must be greater than or equal to zero, and less than the <span><i>value</i></span> of <span><b>array-dimension-limit</b></span>. When multiple <em>array dimensions</em> are to be used together to specify a multi-dimensional <span><i>array</i></span>, there is also an implied constraint that the product of all of the <span><i>dimensions</i></span> be less than the <span><i>value</i></span> of <span><b>array-total-size-limit</b></span>.</p>
<p><strong>valid array index</strong> <em>n.</em> (of an <span><i>array</i></span>) a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> suitable for use as one of possibly several indices needed to name an <span><i>element</i></span> of the <span><i>array</i></span> according to a multi-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. Such a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> must be greater than or equal to zero, and must be less than the corresponding <span><i>dimension</i></span><sub>1</sub> of the <span><i>array</i></span>. (Unless otherwise explicitly specified, the phrase “a <span><i>list</i></span> of <em>valid array indices</em>” further implies that the <span><i>length</i></span> of the <span><i>list</i></span> must be the same as the <span><i>rank</i></span> of the <span><i>array</i></span>.) “For a 2 by 3 array, valid array indices for the first dimension are 0 and 1, and valid array indices for the second dimension are 0, 1 and 2.”</p>
<p><strong>valid array row-major index</strong> <em>n.</em> (of an <span><i>array</i></span>, which might have any number of <span><i>dimensions</i></span><sub>2</sub>) a single <span><i>fixnum</i></span> suitable for use in naming any <span><i>element</i></span> of the <span><i>array</i></span>, by viewing the arrays storage as a linear series of <span><i>elements</i></span> in row-major order. Such a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> must be greater than or equal to zero, and less than the <span><i>array total size</i></span> of the <span><i>array</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>valid fill pointer</strong> <em>n.</em> (of an <span><i>array</i></span>) a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> suitable for use as a <span><i>fill pointer</i></span> for the <span><i>array</i></span>. Such a <span><i>fixnum</i></span> must be greater than or equal to zero, and less than or equal to the <span><i>array total size</i></span> of the <span><i>array</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>valid logical pathname host</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>string</i></span> that has been defined as the name of a <span><i>logical host</i></span>. See the <span><i>function</i></span> <strong>load-logical-pathname-translations</strong>.</p>
<p><strong>valid pathname device</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>string</i></span>, <span><b>nil</b></span>, <!-- -->:unspecific<!-- -->, or some other <span><i>object</i></span> defined by the <span><i>implementation</i></span> to be a <span><i>valid pathname device</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>valid pathname directory</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>string</i></span>, a <span><i>list</i></span> of <span><i>strings</i></span>, <span><b>nil</b></span>, <!-- -->:wild<!-- -->, <!-- -->:unspecific<!-- -->, or some other <span><i>object</i></span> defined by the <span><i>implementation</i></span> to be a <em>valid directory component</em>.</p>
<p><strong>valid pathname host</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>valid physical pathname host</i></span> or a <span><i>valid logical pathname host</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>valid pathname name</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>string</i></span>, <span><b>nil</b></span>, <!-- -->:wild<!-- -->, <!-- -->:unspecific<!-- -->, or some other <span><i>object</i></span> defined by the <span><i>implementation</i></span> to be a <span><i>valid pathname name</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>valid pathname type</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>string</i></span>, <span><b>nil</b></span>, <!-- -->:wild<!-- -->, <!-- -->:unspecific<!-- -->.</p>
<p><strong>valid pathname version</strong> <em>n.</em> a non-negative <em>integer</em> , or one of <!-- -->:wild<!-- -->, <!-- -->:newest<!-- -->,</p>
<p>:unspecific<!-- -->, or <span><b>nil</b></span>. The symbols <!-- -->:oldest<!-- -->, <!-- -->:previous<!-- -->, and <!-- -->:installed<!-- --> are <em>semi</em></p>
<p><em>standard</em> special version symbols.</p>
<p><strong>valid physical pathname host</strong> <em>n.</em> any of a <span><i>string</i></span>, a <span><i>list</i></span> of <span><i>strings</i></span>, or the symbol <!-- -->:unspecific<!-- -->, that is recognized by the implementation as the name of a host.</p>
<p><strong>valid sequence index</strong> <em>n.</em> (of a <em>sequence</em>) an <em>integer</em> suitable for use to name an <span><i>element</i></span> of the <em>sequence</em>. Such an <em>integer</em> must be greater than or equal to zero, and must be less than the <span><i>length</i></span> of the <em>sequence</em>. (If the <em>sequence</em> is an <span><i>array</i></span>, the <span><i>valid sequence index</i></span> is further constrained to be a <span><i>fixnum</i></span>.)</p>
<p><strong>value</strong> <em>n.</em> 1. a. one of possibly several <span><i>objects</i></span> that are the result of an <span><i>evaluation</i></span>. b. (in a situation where exactly one value is expected from the <span><i>evaluation</i></span> of a <span><i>form</i></span>) the <span><i>primary value</i></span> returned by the <span><i>form</i></span>. c. (of <span><i>forms</i></span> in an <span><i>implicit progn</i></span>) one of possibly</p>
<p>several <span><i>objects</i></span> that result from the <span><i>evaluation</i></span> of the last <span><i>form</i></span>, or <span><b>nil</b></span> if there are no <span><i>forms</i></span>. 2. an <span><i>object</i></span> associated with a <span><i>name</i></span> in a <span><i>binding</i></span>. 3. (of a <span><i>symbol</i></span>) the <span><i>value</i></span> of the <span><i>dynamic variable</i></span> named by that symbol. 4. an <span><i>object</i></span> associated with a <span><i>key</i></span> in an <span><i>association list</i></span>, a <span><i>property list</i></span>, or a <span><i>hash table</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>value cell</strong> <em>n. Trad.</em> (of a <span><i>symbol</i></span>) The <span><i>place</i></span> which holds the <span><i>value</i></span>, if any, of the <span><i>dynamic variable</i></span> named by that <span><i>symbol</i></span>, and which is <em>accessed</em> by <span><b>symbol-value</b></span>. See <span><i>cell</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>variable</strong> <em>n.</em> a <span><i>binding</i></span> in the “variable” <span><i>namespace</i></span>. See Section 3.1.2.1.1 (Symbols as Forms).</p>
<p><span><b>vector</b></span> <em>n.</em> a one-dimensional <span><i>array</i></span>.</p>
<p><strong>vertical-bar</strong> <em>n.</em> the <span><i>standard character</i></span> that is called “vertical bar” (|). See Figure 25.</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/lisp-docs/cl-language-reference/tree/main/docs/chap-26/v.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"><span class="theme-last-updated">Last updated<!-- --> by <b>daninus14</b></span></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="u.html"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">U</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="w.html"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">W</div></a></nav></div></div></div></div></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Docs</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/tutorial.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Common Lisp Tutorial</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Common Lisp Technical Reference</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/help.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Help</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Community</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/common-lisp" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Stack Overflow<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://discord.gg/hhk46CE" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Discord<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/common_lisp" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Reddit<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://irclog.tymoon.eu/libera/commonlisp" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">IRC<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">More</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../blog.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Blog</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/lisp-docs/lisp-docs.github.io" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Tutorial and General Content GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/lisp-docs/cl-language-reference/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Technical Reference GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/contribute.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Contribute to the Docs</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Common Lisp Docs</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/about.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">About</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/whylisp.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Why Lisp</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/getting-started.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Getting Started</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/faq.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">FAQ</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/help.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Getting Help</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="../../docs/howto.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">How To Guides</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">Copyright © 2024 Common Lisp Docs, MIT License (see GitHub Repo).</div></div></div></footer></div>
</body>
</html>