1905 lines
47 KiB
HTML
1905 lines
47 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Documentation and Inspection · Learn Lisp The Hard Way</title>
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<meta name="generator" content="GitBook 3.2.3">
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<meta name="author" content=""the Phoeron" Colin J.E. Lupton">
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<body>
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<ul class="summary">
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<li class="header">LEARN LISP THE HARD WAY</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="./">
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Second Draft (in-progress)
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<a href="CHANGELOG.html">
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CHANGELOG
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<a href="TODO.html">
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TODO
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="header">PREFACE</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="preface.html">
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<a href="preface.html">
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TANSTAAFL
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="preface-part-two.html">
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<a href="preface-part-two.html">
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The Hard Way is Easier
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="preface-part-three.html">
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<a href="preface-part-three.html">
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Who Is This Book For?
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="introduction.html">
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<a href="introduction.html">
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Lisp: A Future History
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="acknowledgements.html">
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<a href="acknowledgements.html">
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Acknowledgements
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="header">PART ONE</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="1-0-0-overview.html">
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<a href="1-0-0-overview.html">
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Grokking Lisp
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1" data-path="1-01-00-lisp-bootcamp.html">
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<a href="1-01-00-lisp-bootcamp.html">
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Common Lisp Bootcamp
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.1" data-path="1-01-01-syntax-overview.html">
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<a href="1-01-01-syntax-overview.html">
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Syntax Overview in 5 Minutes
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.2" data-path="1-01-02-repl.html">
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<a href="1-01-02-repl.html">
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The REPL
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.3" data-path="1-01-03-expressions.html">
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<a href="1-01-03-expressions.html">
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Expressions, Parentheses, and Return Values
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.4" data-path="1-01-04-lists-cons-cells.html">
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<a href="1-01-04-lists-cons-cells.html">
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Lists, Cons-Cells, and Memory
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.5" data-path="1-01-05-symbols.html">
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<a href="1-01-05-symbols.html">
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Symbols and Namespaces
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.6" data-path="1-01-06-prefix-notation.html">
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<a href="1-01-06-prefix-notation.html">
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Prefix Notation
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.7" data-path="1-01-07-style-guide.html">
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<a href="1-01-07-style-guide.html">
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Common Lisp Style Guide
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1.8" data-path="1-01-08-configuration.html">
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<a href="1-01-08-configuration.html">
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Configuring Your Development Environment
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2" data-path="1-02-00-input-output.html">
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<a href="1-02-00-input-output.html">
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Printing, Streams, and Strings
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.1" data-path="1-02-01-strings.html">
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<a href="1-02-01-strings.html">
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Strings
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.2" data-path="1-02-02-more-strings.html">
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<a href="1-02-02-more-strings.html">
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More Strings
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.3" data-path="1-02-03-unicode.html">
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<a href="1-02-03-unicode.html">
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Unicode and Strings
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.4" data-path="1-02-04-chars.html">
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<a href="1-02-04-chars.html">
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Characters
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.5" data-path="1-02-05-more-chars.html">
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<a href="1-02-05-more-chars.html">
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More Characters
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.6" data-path="1-02-06-char-codes.html">
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<a href="1-02-06-char-codes.html">
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Character Codes
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.7" data-path="1-02-07-strings-from-chars.html">
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<a href="1-02-07-strings-from-chars.html">
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Strings from Chars
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.8" data-path="1-02-08-printing.html">
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<a href="1-02-08-printing.html">
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Printing
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.9" data-path="1-02-09-more-printing.html">
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<a href="1-02-09-more-printing.html">
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More Printing
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.10" data-path="1-02-10-prin1.html">
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<a href="1-02-10-prin1.html">
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Printing With prin1
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.11" data-path="1-02-11-princ.html">
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<a href="1-02-11-princ.html">
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Printing With princ
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.12" data-path="1-02-12-format.html">
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<a href="1-02-12-format.html">
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A Brief Introduction to Format
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.13" data-path="1-02-13-more-format.html">
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<a href="1-02-13-more-format.html">
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||
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|
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A Little Bit More on Format
|
||
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|
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</a>
|
||
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</li>
|
||
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.14" data-path="1-02-14-pathnames.html">
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<a href="1-02-14-pathnames.html">
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Pathnames
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||
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</a>
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||
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.15" data-path="1-02-15-streams.html">
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<a href="1-02-15-streams.html">
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||
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Streams
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</a>
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||
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.16" data-path="1-02-16-file-streams.html">
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||
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<a href="1-02-16-file-streams.html">
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||
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File Streams
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||
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.17" data-path="1-02-17-binary-streams.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-02-17-binary-streams.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Binary Streams
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.18" data-path="1-02-18-prompting-users.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-02-18-prompting-users.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Prompting Users
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2.19" data-path="1-02-19-pretty-printing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-02-19-pretty-printing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Pretty-Printing
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3" data-path="1-03-0-getting-input-from-users.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-03-0-getting-input-from-users.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Getting Input from Users
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.4" data-path="1-04-0-lists.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-04-0-lists.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Lists and List-Operations
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.5" data-path="1-05-0-lookups-trees.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-05-0-lookups-trees.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Look-up Lists and Trees
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6" data-path="1-06-0-math.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-0-math.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Numbers and Math
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.1" data-path="1-06-01-integers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-01-integers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Integers
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.2" data-path="1-06-02-more-integers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-02-more-integers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
More Integers
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.3" data-path="1-06-03-hexadecimal-notation.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-03-hexadecimal-notation.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Hexadecimal Integer Notation
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.4" data-path="1-06-04-octal-notation.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-04-octal-notation.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Octal Integer Notation
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.5" data-path="1-06-05-binary-notation.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-05-binary-notation.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Binary Integer Notation
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.6" data-path="1-06-06-ratios.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-06-ratios.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Ratios and Rational Numbers
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.7" data-path="1-06-07-floating-point.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-07-floating-point.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Floating-point Numbers
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.8" data-path="1-06-08-constants.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-08-constants.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Numeric Constants
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.9" data-path="1-06-09-complex-numbers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-09-complex-numbers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Complex Numbers
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.10" data-path="1-06-10-arithmetic.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-10-arithmetic.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Arithmetic
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.11" data-path="1-06-11-more-arithmetic.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-11-more-arithmetic.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
More Arithmetic
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.12" data-path="1-06-12-even-more-arithmetic.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-12-even-more-arithmetic.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Even More Arithmetic
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.13" data-path="1-06-13-exponents.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-13-exponents.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Exponents
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.14" data-path="1-06-14-logarithms.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-14-logarithms.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Logarithms
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.15" data-path="1-06-15-trigonometry.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-15-trigonometry.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Trigonometry
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.6.16" data-path="1-06-16-psuedorandom-numbers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-06-16-psuedorandom-numbers.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Pseudo-Random Numbers
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.7" data-path="1-07-0-arrays.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-07-0-arrays.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Arrays and Vectors
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.8" data-path="1-08-0-variables.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-08-0-variables.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Variables, Parameters, and Constants
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.9" data-path="1-09-0-closures.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-09-0-closures.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Closures
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.10" data-path="1-10-0-functions.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-10-0-functions.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Functions and Macros
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.11" data-path="1-11-0-text-adventure.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-11-0-text-adventure.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: A Simple Text Adventure
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.12" data-path="1-12-0-namespaces.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-12-0-namespaces.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Namespaces, Symbols, Packages, and Systems
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.13" data-path="1-13-0-simple-web-app.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-13-0-simple-web-app.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: A Simple Web Application
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.14" data-path="1-14-0-conditionals.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-14-0-conditionals.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Conditionals
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.15" data-path="1-15-0-command-line-utility.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-15-0-command-line-utility.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Command-Line Utilities
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.16" data-path="1-16-0-map-loop.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-16-0-map-loop.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Mapping and Looping
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.17" data-path="1-17-0-iterate.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-17-0-iterate.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Revisiting Loops with Iterate
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.18" data-path="1-18-0-format.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-18-0-format.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Format Strings
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.19" data-path="1-19-0-dsl.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-19-0-dsl.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Domain Specific Languages
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.20" data-path="1-20-0-review.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="1-20-0-review.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Part One in Review
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="header">PART TWO</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="2-0-0-overview.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-0-0-overview.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
The Suffusion of Blue
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.1" data-path="2-01-0-programming-paradigms.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-01-0-programming-paradigms.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Programming Paradigms
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.2" data-path="2-02-0-regex.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-02-0-regex.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Regular Expressions
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3" data-path="2-03-0-objects-control.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-03-0-objects-control.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Objects and Control Structures
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.4" data-path="2-04-0-data-persistence.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-04-0-data-persistence.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Persistence and Databases
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.5" data-path="2-05-0-extended-types.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-05-0-extended-types.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extended Types
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.6" data-path="2-06-0-threads-memos-parallel.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-06-0-threads-memos-parallel.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Concurrency and Memoization
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.7" data-path="2-07-0-logic-and-more-math.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-07-0-logic-and-more-math.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Logic and Advanced Math
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.8" data-path="2-08-0-number-theory.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-08-0-number-theory.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Number Theory
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.9" data-path="2-09-0-binary-octets-bits.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-09-0-binary-octets-bits.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Binary Streams, Octet-Vectors, and Bit-Vectors
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.10" data-path="2-10-0-improved-text-adventure-engine.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-10-0-improved-text-adventure-engine.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: An Improved Text Adventure Engine
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.11" data-path="2-11-0-conditions.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-11-0-conditions.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Conditions and Error Handling
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.12" data-path="2-12-0-2d-game.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-12-0-2d-game.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Write a 2D Game
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.13" data-path="2-13-0-compiler.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-13-0-compiler.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
The Compiler
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.14" data-path="2-14-0-tree-shaker.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-14-0-tree-shaker.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Write a Tree-Shaker
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter active" data-level="4.1.15" data-path="2-15-0-docs-and-inspection.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-15-0-docs-and-inspection.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Documentation and Inspection
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.16" data-path="2-16-0-foreign-libs.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-16-0-foreign-libs.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Foreign Libraries in Lisp
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.17" data-path="2-17-0-debugging-testing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-17-0-debugging-testing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Debugging and Unit Testing
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.18" data-path="2-18-0-ffi.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-18-0-ffi.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Write a Foreign Function Interface
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.19" data-path="2-19-0-essential-libs.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-19-0-essential-libs.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Essential Lisp Libraries
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.20" data-path="2-20-0-packaging-libs.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-20-0-packaging-libs.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Extra Credit: Packaging Lisp Libraries
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.21" data-path="2-21-0-review.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="2-21-0-review.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Detailed Syntax Review
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="header">PART THREE</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="3-00-00-overview.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-00-00-overview.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Lisp So(u)rcery
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.1" data-path="3-01-00-web-apps.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-01-00-web-apps.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Real-world Web Apps
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.2" data-path="3-02-00-typesetting.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-02-00-typesetting.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Typesetting
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.3" data-path="3-03-00-mobile.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-03-00-mobile.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Native Mobile Applications
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.4" data-path="3-04-00-gui.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-04-00-gui.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Cross-platform Desktop Applications
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.5" data-path="3-05-00-system-utils.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-05-00-system-utils.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Drivers, Daemons, and System-Utilities
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.6" data-path="3-06-00-reverse-engineering.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-06-00-reverse-engineering.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Reverse Engineering
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.7" data-path="3-07-00-graphics.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-07-00-graphics.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Graphics Rendering
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.8" data-path="3-08-00-gaming.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-08-00-gaming.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
OpenGL, SDL, and 3D Game Development
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.9" data-path="3-09-00-audio.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-09-00-audio.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Audio Generation and Manipulation
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.10" data-path="3-10-00-data.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-10-00-data.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Data Aggregation and Analysis
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.11" data-path="3-11-00-cryptosec.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-11-00-cryptosec.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Cryptography and Security
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.12" data-path="3-12-00-fintech.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-12-00-fintech.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Financial Software and Crypto-Currencies
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.13" data-path="3-13-00-scientific-computing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-13-00-scientific-computing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Scientific Computing
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.14" data-path="3-14-00-computational-physics.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-14-00-computational-physics.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Computational Physics
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.15" data-path="3-15-00-quantum-computing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-15-00-quantum-computing.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Quantum Computing
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.16" data-path="3-16-00-nlp.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-16-00-nlp.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Natural Language Processing
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.17" data-path="3-17-00-ai.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-17-00-ai.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Artificial Intelligence
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.18" data-path="3-18-00-robotics.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-18-00-robotics.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Robotics
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.19" data-path="3-19-00-space-tech.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-19-00-space-tech.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Space Tech
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.20" data-path="3-20-00-neurotech.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-20-00-neurotech.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Neuroscience and Thought-Controlled Computing
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.21" data-path="3-21-00-lispos.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-21-00-lispos.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
A Simple LispOS
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.22" data-path="3-22-00-lisp-machine.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-22-00-lisp-machine.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Build Your Own Lisp Machine
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1.23" data-path="3-23-00-gov-mil.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<a href="3-23-00-gov-mil.html">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Government and Military Grade Systems
|
||
|
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
|
Published with GitBook
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<div class="book-body">
|
||
|
|
||
|
<div class="body-inner">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<!-- Title -->
|
||
|
<h1>
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<a href="index.html" >Documentation and Inspection</a>
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
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<h1 id="chapter-215">Chapter 2.15</h1>
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<h2 id="documentation-and-inspection">Documentation and Inspection</h2>
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<blockquote>
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<p>"This non-system holds together by having no togetherness, no uniformity, never seeking perfection, no Utopias---just answers good enough to get by, with lots of looseness and room for many ways and attitudes."</p>
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<footer>Robert A. Heinlein, <em>Glory Road</em></footer>
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</blockquote>
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<p>When exploring a new library, documentation of the source code is invaluable. In some cases, the ultimate failure or success of a project can rest squarely on how well it has been documented---but lets say you write a library that has no competition, so people use it anyway because it's the only tool available. How much time and effort can you save answering questions and solving issues, by providing clear and instructive documentation, use-cases, and tutorials up-front?</p>
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<p>The same goes for commenting your source-code; sometimes you might think your code is perfectly self-explanatory, but then six-months down the road---or even the next day!---you come back to your code and have no idea what you were thinking when you implemented a critical function to your system. Imagine how a newcomer to your source code might feel!</p>
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<p>Another problem can be the opaqueness of objects. In any serious project, you have all these complex, structured objects running in your program---they could be from any number of libraries, each of which could be using very different conventions. If only there was some way to see inside these black boxes!</p>
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<p>Oh right, this is Lisp. You can get into the REPL of any running Lisp application and inspect <em>everything</em>.</p>
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<h3 id="exercise-2151">Exercise 2.15.1</h3>
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<p><strong>Documentation and Comments</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2152">Exercise 2.15.2</h3>
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<p><strong>More Documentation and Comments</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2153">Exercise 2.15.3</h3>
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<p><strong>Even More Documentation and Comments</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2154">Exercise 2.15.4</h3>
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<p><strong>DOCUMENTATION</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2155">Exercise 2.15.5</h3>
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<p><strong>Unreadable Objects</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2156">Exercise 2.15.6</h3>
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<p><strong>Modifying the Lisp Printer</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2157">Exercise 2.15.7</h3>
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<p><strong>DESCRIBE</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2158">Exercise 2.15.8</h3>
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<p><strong>More DESCRIBE</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-2159">Exercise 2.15.9</h3>
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<p><strong>Even More DESCRIBE</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-21510">Exercise 2.15.10</h3>
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<p><strong>INSPECT</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-21511">Exercise 2.15.11</h3>
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<p><strong>More INSPECT</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="exercise-21512">Exercise 2.15.12</h3>
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<p><strong>Even More INSPECT</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="extra-credit-exercise-21513">Extra Credit Exercise 2.15.13</h3>
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<p><strong>Documentation and Inspection in Emacs+SLIME</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-lisp">
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</code></pre>
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