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<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=0.8"/><title>The Racket Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../scribble.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-style.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../doc-site.css" title="default"/><script type="text/javascript" src="../scribble-common.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../doc-site.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-redirect.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-user-redirect.js"></script><!--[if IE 6]><style type="text/css">.SIEHidden { overflow: hidden; }</style><![endif]--></head><body id="doc-racket-lang-org"><div class="tocset"><div class="tocview"><div class="tocviewlist tocviewlisttopspace"><div class="tocviewtitle"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,"tocview_0");">▼</a></td><td></td><td><a href="index.html" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">The Racket Guide</a></td></tr></table></div><div class="tocviewsublistonly" style="display: block;" id="tocview_0"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">1 </td><td><a href="intro.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Welcome to Racket</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">2 </td><td><a href="to-scheme.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Racket Essentials</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3 </td><td><a href="datatypes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Built-<wbr></wbr>In Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">4 </td><td><a href="scheme-forms.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Expressions and Definitions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">5 </td><td><a href="define-struct.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Programmer-<wbr></wbr>Defined Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">6 </td><td><a href="modules.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Modules</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7 </td><td><a href="contracts.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">8 </td><td><a href="i_o.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Input and Output</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">9 </td><td><a href="regexp.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Regular Expressions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">10 </td><td><a href="control.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Exceptions and Control</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">11 </td><td><a href="for.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Iterations and Comprehensions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">12 </td><td><a href="match.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern Matching</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">13 </td><td><a href="classes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Classes and Objects</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">14 </td><td><a href="units.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Units</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">15 </td><td><a href="reflection.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Reflection and Dynamic Evaluation</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">16 </td><td><a href="macros.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Macros</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">17 </td><td><a href="languages.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Creating Languages</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">18 </td><td><a href="concurrency.html" class="tocviewlink" dat
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some part of Racket. It assumes programming experience, so if you are
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new to programming, consider instead reading <span style="font-style: italic"><a href="https://htdp.org">How to Design Programs</a></span>. If you want an
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especially quick introduction to Racket, start with <a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=quick&rel=index.html&version=8.6" class="Sq" data-pltdoc="x">Quick: An Introduction to Racket with Pictures</a>.</p><p><a href="to-scheme.html" data-pltdoc="x">Chapter 2</a> provides a brief introduction to
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Racket. From <a href="datatypes.html" data-pltdoc="x">Chapter 3</a> on, this guide dives
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into details—<wbr></wbr>covering much of the Racket toolbox, but leaving
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precise details to <a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=8.6" class="Sq" data-pltdoc="x">The Racket Reference</a> and other reference manuals.</p><blockquote class="refpara"><blockquote class="refcolumn"><blockquote class="refcontent"><p>The source of this manual is available on
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<a href="https://github.com/racket/racket/tree/master/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/guide">GitHub</a>.</p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="intro.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">1<span class="hspace"> </span>Welcome to Racket</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="intro.html#%28part._.Interacting_with_.Racket%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">1.1<span class="hspace"> </span>Interacting with Racket</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="intro.html#%28part._.Definitions_and_.Interactions%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">1.2<span class="hspace"> </span>Definitions and Interactions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="intro.html#%28part._.Creating_.Executables%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">1.3<span class="hspace"> </span>Creating Executables</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="intro.html#%28part._use-module%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">1.4<span class="hspace"> </span>A Note to Readers with Lisp/Scheme Experience</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="to-scheme.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">2<span class="hspace"> </span>Racket Essentials</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Simple_Values.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.1<span class="hspace"> </span>Simple Values</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2<span class="hspace"> </span>Simple Definitions and Expressions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._.Definitions%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.1<span class="hspace"> </span>Definitions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._indentation%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.2<span class="hspace"> </span>An Aside on Indenting Code</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._.Identifiers%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.3<span class="hspace"> </span>Identifiers</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._.Function_.Calls__.Procedure_.Applications_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.4<span class="hspace"> </span>Function Calls (Procedure Applications)</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._.Conditionals_with_if__and__or__and_cond%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.5<span class="hspace"> </span>Conditionals with <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">if</span></span>, <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">and</span></span>, <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">or</span></span>, and <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">cond</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._.Function_.Calls__.Again%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.6<span class="hspace"> </span>Function Calls, Again</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="syntax-overview.html#%28part._.Anonymous_.Functions_with_lambda%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.2.7<span clas
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<span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">define</span></span>, <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">let</span></span>, and <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">let*</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Lists__Iteration__and_Recursion.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.3<span class="hspace"> </span>Lists, Iteration, and Recursion</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Lists__Iteration__and_Recursion.html#%28part._.Predefined_.List_.Loops%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.3.1<span class="hspace"> </span>Predefined List Loops</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Lists__Iteration__and_Recursion.html#%28part._.List_.Iteration_from_.Scratch%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.3.2<span class="hspace"> </span>List Iteration from Scratch</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Lists__Iteration__and_Recursion.html#%28part._tail-recursion%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.3.3<span class="hspace"> </span>Tail Recursion</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Lists__Iteration__and_Recursion.html#%28part._.Recursion_versus_.Iteration%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.3.4<span class="hspace"> </span>Recursion versus Iteration</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Pairs__Lists__and_Racket_Syntax.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.4<span class="hspace"> </span>Pairs, Lists, and Racket Syntax</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Pairs__Lists__and_Racket_Syntax.html#%28part._quoting-lists%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.4.1<span class="hspace"> </span>Quoting Pairs and Symbols with <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">quote</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Pairs__Lists__and_Racket_Syntax.html#%28part._.Abbreviating_quote_with__%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.4.2<span class="hspace"> </span>Abbreviating <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">quote</span></span> with <span class="RktVal">'</span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="Pairs__Lists__and_Racket_Syntax.html#%28part._lists-and-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">2.4.3<span class="hspace"> </span>Lists and Racket Syntax</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="datatypes.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">3<span class="hspace"> </span>Built-In Datatypes</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="booleans.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.1<span class="hspace"> </span>Booleans</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="numbers.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.2<span class="hspace"> </span>Numbers</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="characters.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.3<span class="hspace"> </span>Characters</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="strings.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.4<span class="hspace"> </span>Strings (Unicode)</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="bytestrings.html" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.5<span class="hspace"> </span>Bytes and Byte Strings</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspac
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