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<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=0.8"/><title>8.2&nbsp;Default Ports</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../scribble.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-style.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../doc-site.css" title="default"/><script type="text/javascript" src="../scribble-common.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../doc-site.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-redirect.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-user-redirect.js"></script><!--[if IE 6]><style type="text/css">.SIEHidden { overflow: hidden; }</style><![endif]--></head><body id="doc-racket-lang-org"><div class="tocset"><div class="tocview"><div class="tocviewlist tocviewlisttopspace"><div class="tocviewtitle"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,&quot;tocview_0&quot;);">&#9658;</a></td><td></td><td><a href="index.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">The Racket Guide</a></td></tr></table></div><div class="tocviewsublisttop" style="display: none;" id="tocview_0"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">1&nbsp;</td><td><a href="intro.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Welcome to Racket</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">2&nbsp;</td><td><a href="to-scheme.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Racket Essentials</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3&nbsp;</td><td><a href="datatypes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Built-<wbr></wbr>In Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">4&nbsp;</td><td><a href="scheme-forms.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Expressions and Definitions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">5&nbsp;</td><td><a href="define-struct.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Programmer-<wbr></wbr>Defined Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">6&nbsp;</td><td><a href="modules.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Modules</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7&nbsp;</td><td><a href="contracts.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">8&nbsp;</td><td><a href="i_o.html" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Input and Output</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">9&nbsp;</td><td><a href="regexp.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Regular Expressions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">10&nbsp;</td><td><a href="control.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Exceptions and Control</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">11&nbsp;</td><td><a href="for.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Iterations and Comprehensions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">12&nbsp;</td><td><a href="match.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern Matching</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">13&nbsp;</td><td><a href="classes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Classes and Objects</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">14&nbsp;</td><td><a href="units.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Units</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">15&nbsp;</td><td><a href="reflection.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Reflection and Dynamic Evaluation</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">16&nbsp;</td><td><a href="macros.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Macros</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">17&nbsp;</td><td><a href="languages.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Creating Languages</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">18&nbsp;</td><td><a href="concurrency.html" class="tocviewlink"
argument, and the default is the <span style="font-style: italic">current input port</span> or
<span style="font-style: italic">current output port</span>. Furthermore, error messages are written
to the <span style="font-style: italic">current error port</span>, which is an output port. The
<span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=port-ops.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._current-input-port%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">current-input-port</a></span>, <span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=port-ops.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._current-output-port%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">current-output-port</a></span>, and
<span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=port-ops.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._current-error-port%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">current-error-port</a></span> functions return the corresponding current
ports.</p><p><div class="SIntrapara">Examples:</div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=Writing.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._display%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">display</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"Hi"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktOut">Hi</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=Writing.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._display%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">display</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"Hi"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=port-ops.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._current-output-port%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">current-output-port</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktCmt">the same</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktOut">Hi</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote></div></p><p>If you start the <span class="stt">racket</span> program in a terminal, then the
current input, output, and error ports are all connected to the
terminal. More generally, they are connected to the OS-level stdin,
stdout, and stderr. In this guide, the examples show output written to
stdout in purple, and output written to stderr in red italics.</p><p><div class="SIntrapara">Examples:</div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">swing-hammer</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=Writing.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._display%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">display</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"Ouch!"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=port-ops.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._current-error-port%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">current-error-port</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">swing-hammer</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktErr">Ouch!</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote></div></p><p>The current-port functions are actually <a href="parameterize.html#%28tech._parameter%29" class="techoutside" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="techinside">parameters</span></a>, which means
that their values can be set with <span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=parameters.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fmore-scheme..rkt%2529._parameterize%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">parameterize</a></span>.</p><blockquote class="refpara"><blockquote class="refcolumn"><blockquote class="refcontent"><p>See <a href="parameterize.html" data-pltdoc="x">Dynamic Binding: <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">parameterize</span></span></a> for an introduction to parameters.</p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p><div class="SIntrapara">Example:</div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=let.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fletstx-scheme..rkt%2529._let%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">let</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=stringport.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._open-output-string%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">open-output-string</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=parameters.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fmore-scheme..rkt%2529._parameterize%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">parameterize</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=port-ops.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._current-error-port%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">current-error-port</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">swing-hammer</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">swing-hammer</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">swing-hammer</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&amp;rel=stringport.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._get-output-string%2529%2529&amp;version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">get-output-string</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"Ouch!Ouch!Ouch!"</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote><