62 lines
3.4 KiB
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62 lines
3.4 KiB
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<!Converted with LaTeX2HTML 0.6.5 (Tue Nov 15 1994) by Nikos Drakos (nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk), CBLU, University of Leeds >
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>5. Program Structure</TITLE>
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<meta name="description" value=" Program Structure">
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<meta name="resource-type" value="document">
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<P>
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<b>Common Lisp the Language, 2nd Edition</b>
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<BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html2185 HREF="node56.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="icons/next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2183 HREF="clm.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="icons/up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2177 HREF="node54.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="icons/previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2187 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="contents" SRC="icons/contents_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2188 HREF="index.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="icons/index_motif.gif"></A> <BR>
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<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2186 HREF="node56.html"> Forms</A>
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<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2184 HREF="clm.html">Common Lisp the Language</A>
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<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2178 HREF="node54.html"> Type Upgrading</A>
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<HR> <P>
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<H1><A NAME=SECTION00900000000000000000>5. Program Structure</A></H1>
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<P>
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<A NAME=PROGS>In</A>
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chapter <A HREF="node15.html#DTYPES">2</A> the syntax was sketched for notating data objects
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in Common Lisp. The same syntax is used for notating programs because all
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Common Lisp programs have a representation as Common Lisp data objects.
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<P>
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Lisp programs are organized as forms and functions. Forms are
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<i>evaluated</i> (relative to some context) to produce values and side
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effects. Functions are invoked by <i>applying</i> them to arguments.
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The most important kind of form performs a function call;
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conversely, a function performs computation by evaluating forms.
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<P>
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In this chapter, forms are discussed first and then functions.
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Finally, certain ``top level'' special forms are discussed; the most
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important of these is <tt>defun</tt>, whose purpose is to define a
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named function.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<UL>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2189 HREF="node56.html#SECTION00910000000000000000"> Forms</A>
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<UL>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2190 HREF="node57.html#SECTION00911000000000000000"> Self-Evaluating Forms</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2191 HREF="node58.html#SECTION00912000000000000000"> Variables</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2192 HREF="node59.html#SECTION00913000000000000000"> Special Forms</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2193 HREF="node60.html#SECTION00914000000000000000"> Macros</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2194 HREF="node61.html#SECTION00915000000000000000"> Function Calls</A>
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</UL>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2195 HREF="node62.html#SECTION00920000000000000000"> Functions</A>
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<UL>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2196 HREF="node63.html#SECTION00921000000000000000"> Named Functions</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2197 HREF="node64.html#SECTION00922000000000000000"> Lambda-Expressions</A>
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</UL>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2198 HREF="node65.html#SECTION00930000000000000000"> Top-Level Forms</A>
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<UL>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2199 HREF="node66.html#SECTION00931000000000000000"> Defining Named Functions</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2200 HREF="node67.html#SECTION00932000000000000000"> Declaring Global Variables and Named Constants</A>
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<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2201 HREF="node68.html#SECTION00933000000000000000"> Control of Time of Evaluation</A>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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<HR>
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<P><ADDRESS>
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AI.Repository@cs.cmu.edu
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</ADDRESS>
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