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<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=0.8"/><title>3.9 Vectors</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../scribble.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="icons.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-style.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../doc-site.css" title="default"/><script type="text/javascript" src="../scribble-common.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../doc-site.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-redirect.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-user-redirect.js"></script><!--[if IE 6]><style type="text/css">.SIEHidden { overflow: hidden; }</style><![endif]--></head><body id="doc-racket-lang-org"><div class="tocset"><div class="tocview"><div class="tocviewlist tocviewlisttopspace"><div class="tocviewtitle"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,"tocview_0");">►</a></td><td></td><td><a href="index.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">The Racket Guide</a></td></tr></table></div><div class="tocviewsublisttop" style="display: none;" id="tocview_0"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">1 </td><td><a href="intro.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Welcome to Racket</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">2 </td><td><a href="to-scheme.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Racket Essentials</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3 </td><td><a href="datatypes.html" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Built-<wbr></wbr>In Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">4 </td><td><a href="scheme-forms.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Expressions and Definitions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">5 </td><td><a href="define-struct.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Programmer-<wbr></wbr>Defined Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">6 </td><td><a href="modules.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Modules</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7 </td><td><a href="contracts.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">8 </td><td><a href="i_o.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Input and Output</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">9 </td><td><a href="regexp.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Regular Expressions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">10 </td><td><a href="control.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Exceptions and Control</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">11 </td><td><a href="for.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Iterations and Comprehensions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">12 </td><td><a href="match.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern Matching</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">13 </td><td><a href="classes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Classes and Objects</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">14 </td><td><a href="units.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Units</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">15 </td><td><a href="reflection.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Reflection and Dynamic Evaluation</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">16 </td><td><a href="macros.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Macros</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">17 </td><td><a href="languages.html" class="tocviewlink" 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Choice</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right"></td><td><a href="doc-bibliography.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Bibliography</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right"></td><td><a href="doc-index.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Index</a></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="tocviewlist"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,"tocview_1");">▼</a></td><td>3 </td><td><a href="datatypes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Built-<wbr></wbr>In Datatypes</a></td></tr></table><div class="tocviewsublistbottom" style="display: block;" id="tocview_1"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">3.1 </td><td><a href="booleans.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Booleans</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.2 </td><td><a href="numbers.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Numbers</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.3 </td><td><a href="characters.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Characters</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.4 </td><td><a href="strings.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Strings (Unicode)</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.5 </td><td><a href="bytestrings.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Bytes and Byte Strings</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.6 </td><td><a href="symbols.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Symbols</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.7 </td><td><a href="keywords.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Keywords</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.8 </td><td><a href="pairs.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pairs and Lists</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.9 </td><td><a href="vectors.html" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Vectors</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.10 </td><td><a href="hash-tables.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Hash Tables</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.11 </td><td><a href="boxes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Boxes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3.12 </td><td><a href="void_undefined.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Void and Undefined</a></td></tr></table></div></div></div></div><div class="maincolumn"><div class="main"><div class="navsettop"><span class="navleft"><form class="searchform"><input class="searchbox" id="searchbox" type="text" tabindex="1" placeholder="...search manuals..." title="Enter a search string to search the manuals" onkeypress="return DoSearchKey(event, this, "8.6", "../");"/></form> <a href="https://docs.racket-lang.org/index.html" title="up to the documentation top" data-pltdoc="x" onclick="return GotoPLTRoot("8.6");">top</a><span class="tocsettoggle"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" title="show/hide table of contents" onclick="TocsetToggle();">contents</a></span></span><span class="navright"> <a href="pairs.html" title="backward to "3.8 Pairs and Lists"" data-pltdoc="x">← prev</a> <a href="datatypes.html" title="up to "3 Built-In Datatypes"" data-pltdoc="x">up</a> <a href="hash-tables.html" title="forward to "3.10 Hash Tables"" data-pltdoc="x">next →</a></span> </div><h4 x-source-module="(lib "scribblings/guide/guide.scrbl")" x-source-pkg="racket-doc" x-part-tag=""vectors"">3.9<tt> </tt><a name="(part._vectors)"></a>Vectors</h4><p>A <a name="(tech._vector)"></a><span style="font-style: italic">vector</span> is a fixed-length array of arbitrary
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values. Unlike a list, a vector supports constant-time access and
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update of its elements.</p><p>A vector prints similar to a list—<wbr></wbr>as a parenthesized sequence of its
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elements—<wbr></wbr>but a vector is prefixed with <span class="RktInBG"><span class="hspace"></span><span class="RktIn">#</span><span class="hspace"></span></span> after
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<span class="RktInBG"><span class="hspace"></span><span class="RktIn">'</span><span class="hspace"></span></span>, or it uses <span class="RktRes">vector</span> if one of its elements
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cannot be expressed with <span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=quote.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._quote%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">quote</a></span>.</p><p>For a vector as an expression, an optional length can be
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supplied. Also, a vector as an expression implicitly <span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=quote.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._quote%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">quote</a></span>s
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the forms for its content, which means that identifiers and
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parenthesized forms in a vector constant represent symbols and lists.</p><blockquote class="refpara"><blockquote class="refcolumn"><blockquote class="refcontent"><p><span class="imageleft"><img src="magnify.png" alt="+" width="24" height="24"/></span><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=reader.html%23%2528part._parse-vector%2529&version=8.6" class="Sq" data-pltdoc="x">Reading Vectors</a> in <a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=8.6" class="Sq" data-pltdoc="x">The Racket Reference</a> documents the fine points of the syntax of vectors.</p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p><div class="SIntrapara">Examples:</div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">> </span><span class="RktVal">#("a" "b" "c")</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'#("a" "b" "c")</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">> </span><span class="RktVal">#(name (that tune))</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'#(name (that tune))</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">> </span><span class="RktVal">#4(baldwin bruce)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'#(baldwin bruce bruce bruce)</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._vector-ref%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">vector-ref</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">"a"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"b"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"c"</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"b"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._vector-ref%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">vector-ref</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">that</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">tune</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'(that tune)</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote></div></p><p>Like strings, a vector is either mutable or immutable, and vectors
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written directly as expressions are immutable.</p><p>Vectors can be converted to lists and vice versa via
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<span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._vector-%7E3elist%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">vector->list</a></span> and <span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list-%7E3evector%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list->vector</a></span>; such conversions are
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particularly useful in combination with predefined procedures on
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lists. When allocating extra lists seems too expensive, consider
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using looping forms like <span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=for.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._for%252Ffold%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">for/fold</a></span>, which recognize vectors as
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well as lists.</p><p><div class="SIntrapara">Example:</div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list-%7E3evector%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list->vector</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fmap..rkt%2529._map%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">map</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=strings.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._string-titlecase%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">string-titlecase</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._vector-%7E3elist%2529%2529&version=8.6" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">vector->list</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">"three"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"blind"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"mice"</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'#("Three" "Blind" "Mice")</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote></div></p><blockquote class="refpara"><blockquote class="refcolumn"><blockquote class="refcontent"><p><span class="imageleft"><img src="magnify.png" alt="+" width="24" height="24"/></span><a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=vectors.html&version=8.6" class="Sq" data-pltdoc="x">Vectors</a> in <a href="https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.6/doc/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=8.6" class="Sq" data-pltdoc="x">The Racket Reference</a> provides more on vectors and vector procedures.</p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><div class="navsetbottom"><span class="navleft"><form class="searchform"><input class="searchbox" id="searchbox" type="text" tabindex="1" placeholder="...search manuals..." title="Enter a search string to search the manuals" onkeypress="return DoSearchKey(event, this, "8.6", "../");"/></form> <a href="https://docs.racket-lang.org/index.html" title="up to the documentation top" data-pltdoc="x" onclick="return GotoPLTRoot("8.6");">top</a><span class="tocsettoggle"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" title="show/hide table of contents" onclick="TocsetToggle();">contents</a></span></span><span class="navright"> <a href="pairs.html" title="backward to "3.8 Pairs and Lists"" data-pltdoc="x">← prev</a> <a href="datatypes.html" title="up to "3 Built-In Datatypes"" data-pltdoc="x">up</a> <a href="hash-tables.html" title="forward to "3.10 Hash Tables"" data-pltdoc="x">next →</a></span> </div></div></div><div id="contextindicator"> </div></body></html> |