383 lines
7.6 KiB
HTML
383 lines
7.6 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<HTML LANG="en-us"
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>adjoin | Common Lisp Nova Spec</TITLE
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>Common Lisp Nova Spec</A
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> <SPAN CLASS="breadcrumb-item"
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>→ <A HREF="14_Conses.html"
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>→ <A HREF="14_2_Conses_Dictionary.html"
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>14.2 Conses Dictionary</A
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><DIV CLASS="matter"
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><DIV CLASS="com"
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><DIV CLASS="begincom"
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><HR
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><TABLE WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0"
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><TR
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><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="100%" CLASS="name"
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><SPAN CLASS="idx" DATA-KIND="idxref" DATA-TERM="adjoin"
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></SPAN
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><B
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>adjoin</B
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></TD
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><TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="0" NOWRAP="NOWRAP" CLASS="ftype"
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><I
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>Function</I
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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></DIV
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><UL CLASS="subtoc"
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></UL
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><DL
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><DT
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><B
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>Syntax</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><B
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>adjoin</B
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>item</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>list</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmtt"
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>&key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>key</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>test</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>test-not</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmssi"
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>new-list</SPAN
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Arguments and Values</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>item</VAR
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> — an <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#object"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>object</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#proper_list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>proper list</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>test</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of two <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#argument"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>arguments</EM
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></A
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> that returns a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#generalized_boolean"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>generalized boolean</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>test-not</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of two <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#argument"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>arguments</EM
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></A
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> that returns a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#generalized_boolean"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>generalized boolean</EM
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></A
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>key</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#designator"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>designator</EM
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></A
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> for a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#function"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>function</EM
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></A
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> of one argument, or <SPAN CLASS="misc"
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><B
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>nil</B
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></SPAN
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>. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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><VAR CLASS="param"
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>new-list</VAR
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> — a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>list</EM
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></A
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>.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Description</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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>Tests whether <VAR CLASS="param"
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>item</VAR
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> is the same as an existing element of <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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>. If the <VAR CLASS="param"
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>item</VAR
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> is not an existing element, <A HREF="f_adjoin.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>adjoin</B
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></A
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> adds it to <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> (as if by <A HREF="f_cons.html" CLASS="funref"
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><B
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>cons</B
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></A
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>) and returns the resulting <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>list</EM
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></A
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>; otherwise, nothing is added and the original <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> is returned. </P
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><P CLASS="j"
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>The <VAR CLASS="param"
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>test</VAR
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>, <VAR CLASS="param"
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>test-not</VAR
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>, and <VAR CLASS="param"
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>key</VAR
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> affect how it is determined whether <VAR CLASS="param"
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>item</VAR
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> is the same as an <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#element"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>element</EM
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></A
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> of <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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>. For details, see <A HREF="17_2_Rules_about_Test_Functions.html#sec_17_2_1" CLASS="secref"
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><SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Section</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>17.2.1</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>(Satisfying</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>a</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Two-Argument</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Test)</SPAN
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></A
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>.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Examples</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><PRE CLASS="screen"
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>(setq slist '()) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> NIL
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(adjoin 'a slist) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> (A)
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slist <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> NIL
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(setq slist (adjoin '(test-item 1) slist)) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> ((TEST-ITEM 1))
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(adjoin '(test-item 1) slist) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> ((TEST-ITEM 1) (TEST-ITEM 1))
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(adjoin '(test-item 1) slist :test 'equal) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> ((TEST-ITEM 1))
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(adjoin '(new-test-item 1) slist :key #'cadr) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> ((TEST-ITEM 1))
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(adjoin '(new-test-item 1) slist) <SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN CLASS="arrow"
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>→</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> ((NEW-TEST-ITEM 1) (TEST-ITEM 1))</PRE
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Exceptional Situations</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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>Should be prepared to signal an error of <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#type"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>type</EM
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></A
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> <A HREF="t_type-error.html" CLASS="typeref"
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><B
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>type-error</B
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></A
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> if <VAR CLASS="param"
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>list</VAR
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> is not a <A HREF="26_1_Glossary.html#proper_list"
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><EM CLASS="term"
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>proper list</EM
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></A
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>.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>See Also</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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><A HREF="f_pushnew.html" CLASS="macref"
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><B
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>pushnew</B
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></A
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>, <A HREF="3_6_Traversal_Rules_and_Side_Effects.html#sec_3_6" CLASS="secref"
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><SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Section</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>3.6</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>(Traversal</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Rules</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>and</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Side</SPAN
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> <SPAN CLASS="cmr"
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>Effects)</SPAN
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></A
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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>Notes</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P CLASS="j"
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>The <SPAN CLASS="kwd"
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><SPAN CLASS="cmtt"
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>:test-not</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> parameter is deprecated.</P
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><PRE CLASS="screen"
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>(adjoin item list :key fn)
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<SPAN CLASS="cmsy"
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><SPAN STYLE="font-size:16px;vertical-align:-2px"
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>≡</SPAN
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></SPAN
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> (if (member (fn item) list :key fn) list (cons item list))</PRE
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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></DIV
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><DIV CLASS="footer"
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><DIV CLASS="btmnav"
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|
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><A HREF="f_intersection.html" CLASS="prev"
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|
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>←</A
|
||
|
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><A HREF="f_pushnew.html" CLASS="next"
|
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|
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>→</A
|
||
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></DIV
|
||
|
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><DIV CLASS="trail"
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||
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>Conversion to HTML copyright 2023 by Gilbert Baumann</DIV
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|
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></DIV
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></DIV
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><SCRIPT
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>domReady();</SCRIPT
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||
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></BODY
|
||
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|
></HTML
|
||
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>
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